I think the actual figure is a little over 70%. Then, the welfare system is set up such that in order get govt. assistance the father cannot live with the family is what my understanding is. Also, in the so called inner cities, the fathers are involved in crime either as drug traffickers and/or users. So a lot of these fathers are incarcerated. Some of the mothers may be as well. Like the old saying, “It takes two to tangle”. A lot of these “parents” are teenagers. Then on the other hand the parents who are not involved in the crime and drug scene have better relationships with their kids. They are more involved with the co-parenting like any other group.
Similarly to the 80’s crack epidemic in the black communities, as I read my daily local news paper, there are more and more stories about opioids like heroin and fentanyl, plus crystal meth getting a hold of the young people and some older folks in the white communities.